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2019年，中国科学家武哲将一个名为 "追云者 "的飞艇发射到大气层上部，并让它在世界各地航行，包括穿越北美。
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该气球的目的是提供自然灾害的早期预警，监测污染，并进行空中监视。
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这一宣布是一系列证据的一部分，揭示了中国政府利用高空飞艇满足国内和军事需要的野心。
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武哲教授一直是中国热气球发展努力的核心。
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中国侦察气球计划受到全球关注和关切
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美国在南卡罗来纳州海岸击落一个
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武哲教授是北京航空航天大学的资深学者，并一直参与飞艇的开发。
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武哲教授是六个中国实体的创始人或主要利益相关者
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拜登政府对这些实体参与监视气球项目进行了惩罚
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华盛顿方面没有指名道姓地批评武哲
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给武哲教授办公室的电子邮件和电话都没有得到答复
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主要启示。中国的监视气球项目受到了全球的关注和关切，武哲教授参与了飞艇的开发，并且是六个中国实体的创始人或主要利益相关者，而华盛顿并没有点名批评武哲。
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中国坚持认为，中国的气球在被吹离航线时是一艘进行研究的民用飞艇。美国政府说，关于美国在中国上空放间谍气球的说法是错误的。
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武哲教授已经成为中国在离地球12至62英里的 "近太空 "的雄心壮志的关键人物。他曾帮助设计喷气式战斗机，开发隐身材料，赢得了中国军方的奖励，并曾担任北京航空航天大学的副校长。
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他还担任过现已解散的中国人民解放军总装备部的顾问委员会成员。此后，他回到北京航空航天大学从事研究和教学工作。
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近太空被视为大国之间潜在竞争的领域，特别是在美中关系恶化的情况下。
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中国一直在40个国家上空飞行高空气球，这些气球只是通过审查存储的数据而被发现。
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为了使气球发挥作用，需要特殊的材料和技术，武哲教授和他的团队已经研究了这些挑战。
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武哲教授和他的鹰门航空科技集团（EMAST）的团队在2019年7月发射了一个大型气球，在2万米（6.5万英尺）高空绕地球飞行。
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EMAST是武哲教授在2004年共同创立的一家位于北京的公司，此后声称取得了一系列的成功。
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高空气球为各种服务提供了潜力，如通信、侦察和导航。
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2017年，EMAST在其官方微信社交媒体账户上提到了这种潜力。
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EMAST的气球比本月在南卡罗来纳州海岸被一架美国战斗机击落的气球还要大。
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这是首次有空气动力学控制的飞艇在平流层中环绕世界飞行。
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2019年，武哲教授和他的团队首次获得来自地球和近太空之间的信号。2020年，一个中国气球环绕地球并被安全收回，这是该项目的一个开创性壮举。
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2022年，武哲教授和他的团队发射或计划同时在空中发射三个高空气球，以形成一个 “空中网络”。最终目标是利用漂浮在至少8万英尺高空的固定气球在中国建立一个空中信号网络。该系统旨在类似于SpaceX公司运营的小型低轨道卫星系统Starlink。
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到2028年，EMAST希望 “完成一个全球近空间信息网络”，尽管这意味着什么的细节仍不清楚。
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武哲教授是一位获奖无数的科学家，他的观点具有官方的份量，尽管没有公开证实他声称的高空气球的成功。
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2015年，他的团队在中国北部发射了一个气球，在超过65,000英尺的高空停留，这是中国在开发近太空长距离续航的材料和知识方面的一个突破。
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共产党的报纸《人民日报》对该团队的成功表示欢呼。
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北京航空航天大学的共产党书记张军赞扬了他们的工作，并敦促他们更进一步，“专注于国家战略需求”。
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武哲教授现有的科学论文并没有描述他的团队所取得的任何功绩。
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然而，他的团队的成就仍然受到高度重视，并得到了中国政府的认可。
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武哲教授一直从事商业领域的工作，是北京航空航天大学东莞校区的创始人。他还参与了几家公司，如北京南江航天科技有限公司、鹰门航空和山西鹰门航空科技集团。
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商务部对武哲参与的六家公司进行了制裁。
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武哲还正在将鹰门航空的股票在北京的新证券交易所上市。该公司生产伪装和隐形材料，帮助飞机躲避探测。
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In 2019, Chinese scientist Wu Zhe launched an airship called the “Cloud Chaser” into the upper atmosphere and sent it sailing around the world, including across North America.
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The purpose of the balloon was to provide early warnings of natural disasters, monitor pollution, and carry out airborne surveillance.
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This announcement is part of a body of evidence revealing the scope of the Chinese government’s ambitions to use high-altitude airships for domestic and military needs.
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Professor Wu has been central to China’s balloon development efforts.
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Program of Chinese surveillance balloons has been met with global attention and concern
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US shot down one off the coast of South Carolina
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Professor Wu is a senior academic at Beihang University and has been involved in airship development
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Professor Wu has been a founder or major stakeholder in six Chinese entities
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Biden administration has punished these entities for involvement in surveillance balloon program
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Washington has not singled out Professor Wu by name
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Emails and calls to Professor Wu’s office went unanswered
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Key takeaways: Program of Chinese surveillance balloons has been met with global attention and concern, Professor Wu has been involved in airship development and has been a founder or major stakeholder in six Chinese entities, and Washington has not singled out Professor Wu by name.
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China has maintained that the Chinese balloon was a civilian airship conducting research when it was blown off course. The US government said it was false to suggest the US flew spy balloons over China.
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Professor Wu has become a key figure in China’s ambitions in “near space” between 12 and 62 miles above earth. He has helped design jet fighters, developed stealth materials, won prizes from the Chinese military and was a vice president at Beihang University.
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He also sat on an advisory committee to the now-disbanded General Armaments Department of the People’s Liberation Army. He has since returned to research and teaching at Beihang University.
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Near space is seen as an area of potential competition between great powers, particularly with deteriorating US-China relations.
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China has been flying high-altitude balloons over 40 countries, which were only detected by reviewing stored data.
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Special materials and technologies are needed for the balloons to be useful, and Professor Wu and his team have studied these challenges.
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Professor Wu and his team from the Eagles Men Aviation Science and Technology Group (EMAST) launched a large balloon in July 2019, which flew around the world at 20,000 meters (65,000 feet) high.
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EMAST is a Beijing-based company co-founded by Professor Wu in 2004, and has since claimed a series of successes.
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High-altitude balloons offer potential for various services, such as communication, reconnaissance, and navigation.
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EMAST mentioned this potential in 2017 on its official WeChat social media account.
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EMAST’s balloon was bigger than the one shot down off the coast of South Carolina by an American fighter jet this month.
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This is the first time an aerodynamically controlled airship has flown around the world in the stratosphere.
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In 2019, Professor Wu and his team acquired a signal from between earth and near space for the first time. In 2020, a Chinese balloon circumnavigated the globe and was safely retrieved, a pioneering feat for the project.
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In 2022, Professor Wu and his team either launched or planned to launch three high-altitude balloons in the air at the same time to form an “airborne network”. The ultimate goal was to create an airborne signals network in China using stationary balloons floating at least 80,000 feet high. The system aimed to be similar to Starlink, the system of small, low-orbiting satellites operated by SpaceX.
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By 2028, EMAST hoped to “complete a global near-space information network”, although details of what this meant remain unclear.
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Professor Wu is a highly awarded scientist whose views carry official weight, although there is no public corroboration of his claimed successes with high-altitude balloons.
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In 2015, his team launched a balloon in northern China that stayed aloft at more than 65,000 feet, which was a breakthrough for China in developing the materials and knowledge for long-endurance near-space voyages.
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The team’s success was hailed by the Communist Party’s newspaper, People’s Daily.
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Zhang Jun, the Communist Party secretary of Beihang University, praised their work and urged them to go further, “focusing on national strategic needs.”
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Professor Wu’s available scientific papers do not describe any of the feats his team has achieved.
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However, his team’s accomplishments are still highly regarded and have been recognized by the Chinese government.
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Professor Wu had been involved in the commercial realm and was the founder of Beihang University’s campus in Dongguan. He was also involved with several companies, such as Beijing Nanjiang Aerospace Technology, Eagles Men Aviation, and Shanxi Eagles Men Aviation Science and Technology Group.
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The Department of Commerce imposed sanctions on the six companies Wu was involved with.
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Wu was also in the process of listing shares of Eagles Men Aviation on the new stock exchange in Beijing. The company produced camouflage and stealth materials to help aircraft evade detection.
链接：China’s Top Airship Scientist Promoted Program to Watch the World From Above - The New York Times